Spanien Afrika Die Meerenge zwischen Atlantik und Mittelmeer
Melilla (Aussprache: [meˈliʎa], Zentralatlas-Tamazight ⵎⵕⵉⵜⵛ Mṛitc) ist eine spanische Stadt an der nordafrikanischen Mittelmeerküste mit einer Landgrenze. Ceuta (Aussprache: [ˈθeu̯ta], arabisch سبتة, DMG Sabta; marokkanisches. Die Straße von Gibraltar (auch bekannt als Meerenge von Gibraltar; in der Antike fretum Gaditanum oder fretum Herculeum) ist eine Meerenge, die das Mittelmeer mit dem Atlantik verbindet. Eingefasst wird sie im Norden von Spanien mit der südlichsten Stadt des Seit etlichen Jahren werden Pläne zum Bau einer Brücke erstellt, um Afrika. Normalerweise bezahlen Flüchtlinge den Schleppern in Marokko und Algerien viel Geld, um über die Meerenge von Gibraltar nach Spanien. Spanien hat zwei autonome Städte die in Nordafrika liegen; Melilla und Ceuta. Ceuta und Melilla sind bereits seit dem Jahrhundert ein.
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View all subjects. Similar Items. Melilla has a warm Mediterranean climate influenced by its proximity to the sea, rendering much cooler summers and more precipitation than inland areas deeper into Africa.
The climate, in general, has a lot in common with the type found in southern coastal Spain on the European mainland, with relatively small temperature differences between seasons.
The assembly is a member body whose members are elected through universal suffrage every 4 years in closed party lists following the schedule of local elections at the national level.
Its members are called "local deputies " but they rather enjoy the status of concejales municipal councillors.
The president of Melilla who, often addressed as Mayor-President, also exerts the roles of Mayor, president of the Assembly, president of the Council of Government and representative of the city [37] is invested by the Assembly.
After local elections, the president is invested through a qualified majority from among the leaders of the election lists, or, failing to achieve the former, the leader of the most voted list at the election is invested to the office.
The Council of Government is the traditional collegiate executive body for parliamentary systems. Unlike the municipal government boards in the standard ayuntamientos , the members of the Council of Government including the Vice-Presidents do not need to be members of the assembly.
Melilla is the city in Spain with the highest proportion of postal voting ; [40] vote buying via mail-in ballots is widely reported to be a common practice in the poor neighborhoods of Melilla.
Melilla is subdivided into eight districts distritos , which are further subdivided into neighbourhoods barrios :. The Gross domestic product GDP of the autonomous community was 1.
The principal industry is fishing. Cross-border commerce legal or smuggled and Spanish and European grants and wages are the other income sources.
Melilla is regularly connected to the Iberian peninsula by air and sea traffic and is also economically connected to Morocco: most of its fruit and vegetables are imported across the border.
Moroccans in the city's hinterland are attracted to it: 36, Moroccans cross the border daily to work, shop or trade goods.
Spanish operators Air Europa and Iberia operate in Melilla's airport. Many people travelling between Europe and Morocco use the ferry links to Melilla, both for passengers and for freight.
Because of this, the port and related companies form an important economic driver for the city. Melilla's Capilla de Santiago, or James's Chapel, by the city walls, is the only authentic Gothic structure in Africa.
In the first quarter of the 20th century, Melilla became a thriving port benefitting from the recently established Protectorate of Spanish Morocco in the nearby Rif region.
The new architectural style of modernismo was expressed by a new bourgeois class. This style, frequently referred to as the Catalan version of Art Nouveau , was extremely popular in the early part of the 20th century in Spain.
The workshops inspired by the Catalan architect Enrique Nieto continued in the modernist style, even after Modernisme went out of fashion elsewhere.
Accordingly, Melilla has the second most important concentration of Modernist works in Spain after Barcelona.
Nieto was in charge of designing the main Synagogue, the Central Mosque and various Catholic Churches. Melilla has been praised as an example of multiculturalism , being a small city in which one can find four major religions represented.
The Jewish and Hindu communities have also been shrinking due to economic emigration to mainland Spain notably Malaga and Madrid.
Most of the Jewish population has left for Israel and Venezuela. There is a small, autonomous, and commercially important Hindu community present in Melilla, which numbers about members today.
Melilla has been a popular destination for migrants in order to enter the European Union. The border is secured by the Melilla border fence , a six-metre-tall double fence with watch towers; yet migrants in groups of tens or sometimes hundreds storm the fence and manage to cross it from time to time.
In February , over migrants from sub-Saharan Africa scaled a security fence to get into the Melilla migrant reception centre.
The reception centre, built for migrants, was already overcrowded with 1, people. In recent years, the Spanish government has urged Moroccan security forces to stem the flow of migrants traveling towards Melilla.
In , Moroccan police dispersed migrant camps in the forests surrounding Melilla by torching makeshift homes and arresting migrants.
Since the incident, Spain has installed additional security measures, including increased fencing, camera surveillance systems, and a more salient troop presence.
However, attempts by migrants to swarm the security fences at Melilla have been widely broadcast by Spanish media sources, creating a sense of urgency in mainland Spain.
This fear over African migrants is seen by many as the main factor leading to the rise of Vox, Spain's populist party. Vox officials have frequently pointed to the immigration situation at Melilla and Ceuta proof of a crisis at Spain's border.
Three roads connect Melilla and Morocco but require clearance through border checkpoints. Melilla is a surfing destination.
The clubs travelled to each other via the Spanish mainland to avoid entering Morocco. The football's government institution is the Melilla Football Federation.
In both cases, the national governments and local populations of the disputed territories reject these claims by a large majority.
Morocco denies these claims and maintains that the Spanish presence on or near its coast is a remnant of the colonial past which should be ended.
The United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories does not include these Spanish territories and the dispute remains bilaterally debated between Spain and Morocco.
Melilla is twinned with:. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Melilla disambiguation.
Autonomous city in Spain. Autonomous city. Coat of arms. Barrio del General Larrea. Barrio de Ataque Seco. Barrio Hebreo-Tiro Nacional.
Barrio de Cabrerizas. Barrio de Reina Regente. Barrio Isaac Peral Tesorillo. Parque Empresarial La Frontera.
Barrio Industrial. Barrio Virgen de la Victoria. Barrio de los Pinares. See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Spain.
Caracas Venezuela. Spain portal. National Statistics Institute. Oxford Dictionaries UK Dictionary. Oxford University Press.
Retrieved 19 May Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Curso de lengua tamazight, nivel elemental. Retrieved 26 June El Confidencial. Retrieved 1 May Retrieved 15 June El Mundo.
Melilla Turismo. Archived from the original on 1 May Retrieved 25 March Huffington Post.
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